Category Archives: Irish America

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The ivy-covered, wildflower-strewn grotto with the Virgin Mary statue was expected. The 9/11 memorial was not. I encountered both within a few feet of each other during an early July walk through the grounds of St. Kevin’s Parish Church in Glendalough, County Wicklow.

The simple granite sculpture, seen below, represents the 110-story twin towers of the former World Trade Center in New York City, reduced to rubble after terrorists flew planes into each building 25 years ago. The sculpture was the last creation of Brother Joseph McNally, a County Mayo-born artist who witnessed the towers collapse. He died two weeks before the first anniversary of the attack.^[1]Marie Cranley, St. Kevin’s parish secretary, in August 19, 2026, email reply to my outreach. Brother McNally should not be confused with New York-based photographer Joe McNally, who created the … Continue reading

The 9/11 memorial at St. Kevin’s Parish Church in Glendalough, County Wicklow. The front right tablet is shown below. The back right tablet is inscribed IX – XI … 9/11. (Holan 2026)

“This monument marks the tragedy and challenge to peace posed by this event and is located in the context of a path reflecting on the defining choices we make on our journey today,” reads a description on the Glendalough Hermitage Centre website. The retreat center and parish church are joined by a large meditation garden, which contains other pieces by Brother McNally. The famous sixth century monastic ruin is just a mile down the road.

The 9/11 monument reminded me of an earlier trip to Ireland. When I landed in Dublin on September 22, 2001, Irish newspapers were packed with stories about the terrorist attacks. The death toll was still uncertain at the time. It eventually settled at just under 3,000 people killed and upwards of 10,000 injured. Some 4,000 others are said to have died later from injuries and exposure to toxic dust. Eighteen of the victims had Irish citizenship, with seven born on the island of Ireland. Moreover, at least a third of the victims had direct family ties to Ireland, including numerous members of the Fire Department of New York and New York Police Department.^[2]“Memories of 9/11 at Home and Abroad”, Irish American Heritage Museum, Albany, NY. Undated web page accessed at https://irish-us.org/events/memories-911-home-and-abroad. Wikipedia says six Irish … Continue reading

One of my first stops was a memorial to victims of the May 1974 Dublin and Monaghan attacks; a one-day series of multiple car bombings in the Irish capital and Northern Ireland border town. The Ulster Volunteer Force, a loyalist paramilitary group during the Troubles, 19 years later claimed responsibility for the carnage. Thirty-three people were killed and nearly 300 injured.

Later, in Derry, Northern Ireland, I visited a memorial to 14 victims of Bloody Sunday, in January 1972, when British troops opened fire on civil rights marchers. It is located near the “Free Derry Corner” of the city’s Bogside neighborhood, better know for its colorful murals that depict the episode and other events of the Troubles. I also attended a hearing of the Saville Inquiry at the Guildhall, the government’s second probe into the bloodshed. The original inquiry, hurriedly conducted in 1972, was widely dismissed as a whitewash.

“We will be here as long as we need to be,” John Kelly, brother of one of the victims, told me. “What’s a couple more years, since we have waited nearly 30 to hopefully get truth and justice.”^[3]“Terrorism In Northern Ireland”, Mobile Register, October 28, 2001.

It would take nine more years before the Saville Inquiry produced its damning report. British Prime Minister David Cameron formally apologized for the massacre, telling the House of Commons the killings by British soldiers were “unjustified and unjustifiable.”

Indeed, state actors can also be terrorists, as we see today with the Trump administration’s militarized immigration enforcement and other domestic policing. There’s also a notorious example in Irish history. On the same trip that brought me to St. Kevin’s, I stopped at the Ballyseedy Monument, just outside Tralee, County Kerry. In March 1923, during the Irish Civil War, Irish Free State forces tied eight anti-government fighters to a landmine, detonated it, then finished off the few who survived the blast with machine gun fire.

The Ballyseedy Monument near Tralee, County Kerry. (Holan 2026)

Back in 2001, Kelly told me he was stunned by the airplane attacks in New York and Washington. “It was one of the most horrific acts of terrorism I have witnessed, even if you put it side-by-side to any event that has happened over the last 30 years in our country.”

A few days later I drove to Omagh, also in Northern Ireland. In August 1998 an Irish Republican Army splinter group carried out a car bombing that killed 29 people and injured 220. The post-Good Friday Agreement attack was the deadliest single event of the Troubles, second only to the collective toll of the Dublin and Monaghan bombings. In the grim math of terrorism, the ratio of victims to residents in Omagh, population 17,000, was higher than in New York City, population 8 million.

“People here can relate to what’s happening in America,” David Killen, publisher of a weekly newspaper in Omagh, told me in 2001. “There were people here that had to bury coffins filled with sand bags because they didn’t have a body.”^[4]Ibid. Twenty-five years after 9/11, despite advances in DNA technology, there are still no identifiable remains for 40 percent of the victims at the twin towers—1,100 people.^[5]“Inside the lab working to identify the remains of 9/11 victims”, NPR report of September 11, 2025, accessed at … Continue reading

The grotto at St. Kevin’s Parish Church, Glendalough. (Holan 2026)

I walked from Killen’s office, past the still rebuilding blast site, to the town’s Memorial Garden on the banks of the River Strule. Tiny US flags and other makeshift remembrances linked the terrorism victims in America to those in Ireland. “Time slips past, but the heartache lasts,” read one handwritten note blurred by the rain. The 9/11 memorial in Glendalough reminded me of that simple truth. It doesn’t matter what violent outrage is being remembered, or how long ago it occurred, or whether it was committed by state or non-state terrorists.

Grottos that commemorate the reported 1858 appearances of the Virgin Mary to the young Bernadette Soubirous at Lourdes, France, are ubiquitious in Ireland; on church grounds such as St. Kevin’s, rural crossroads, and village squares. They are lovelier and more peaceful to consider than memorials to victims of violent terrorism.

In Ireland, there are at least four other 9/11 memorials in addition to Brother McNally’s sculpture. In the United States, the three primary national 9/11 memorials are at the attack sites in New York City, the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and Shanksville, Pennsylvania. But many dozen more 9/11 memorials are found in American communities, large and small, from coast to coast. You might encounter one when you least expect it.

Lest we forget.

References[+]

References
↑1	Marie Cranley, St. Kevin’s parish secretary, in August 19, 2026, email reply to my outreach. Brother McNally should not be confused with New York-based photographer Joe McNally, who created the “Faces of Ground Zero” exhibit.
↑2	“Memories of 9/11 at Home and Abroad”, Irish American Heritage Museum, Albany, NY. Undated web page accessed at https://irish-us.org/events/memories-911-home-and-abroad. Wikipedia says six Irish nationals died in the attacks.
↑3	“Terrorism In Northern Ireland”, Mobile Register, October 28, 2001.
↑4	Ibid.
↑5	“Inside the lab working to identify the remains of 9/11 victims”, NPR report of September 11, 2025, accessed at https://www.kpbs.org/news/national/2025/09/11/inside-the-lab-working-to-identify-the-remains-of-9-11-victims.

On printing, and reproducing, the 1916 Easter Proclamation

Scituate, Massachusetts, USA, part of the South Shore Irish Heritage Trail. (October 2022)

The three men inside Dublin’s Libery Hall surely heard the church bells tolling on Easter Sunday, even over the cacophany of their printing press. Perhaps the trio reflectively straightened to bless themselves. But they quickly returned to their ink-stained work, laboring from midday Sunday until early Monday morning. Hours later, in front the General Post Office on O’Connell Street, Pádraig Pearse read aloud from a copy of their finished work: the 1916 Easter Proclamation:

“IRISHMEN AND IRISHWOMEN: In the name of God and of the dead generations from which she receives her old tradition of nationhood, Ireland, through us, summons her children to her flag and strikes for her freedom. …”

Before that signal moment, the three workers–printer Christopher Brady, and compositors Michael Malloy and Liam O’Brien–produced the Proclamation in two stages, top and bottom, due to lack of type. The two sections are identifiable by different line spacing. The tempramental rollers of their old Wharfdale Double-Crown printing press meant uneven pressure smudged some letters, while others appeared too faint. See images and videio at this online exhibition from University College Cork.

Copies of the Easter Proclamation proliferated quickly. Fascimiles and newly typeset versions appeared in the American press within days of the British military supressing the uprising. More copies appeared after the execution of the rebel leaders.

From the front page of Fall River (Massachusetts) Daily Globe, May 19, 1916. Press reports as early as May 1, 1916, quoted the Proclamation in full.

About 60 origional copies of the Declaration are know to have survived from a press run estaimated at no more than 1,000. That’s 6 percent, 110 years later. As context, there are 26 origional copies of the 1776 Declaration of Independence, known as the Dunlap Broadside, from a press run of 200. That’s 13 percent, 250 years later.

About half the surving origional copies of the Procalamation are held at public institutions in Ireland, including UCC and Trinity College Dublin. But the document has been widely reproduced, including public monuments on both sides of the Atlantic. See top and below.

Dungarvan, County Waterford, Ireland. (June 2026)

An American journalist’s connection to Ireland and Egypt

HIATIUS: I am traveling and working on other projects. New posts will be infrequent through the spring and summer. I can be reached via contact form on the “About Me” page. Thanks, MH

What does a 3,500-year-old Egyptian red granite obelisk in New York City’s Central Park have to do with Ireland or Irish America? Nothing. But there are indirect connections.

Hurlbert

William Henry Hurlbert, a late-nineteenth century editor of the New York World, determined the city should match London’s acquisition of a similar object. His campaign resulted in the June 1880 arrival of the seven-story (69 feet) obelisk, seen below. It was raised in February 1881 on a small hill behind the Metrololitian Museum of Art, which opened about the same time. The MET holds one of the world’s largest Egyptian collections under its roof, in addition to the so-called “Cleopatra’s Needle” in the park.

The link to Ireland comes through Hurlbert, who traveled throughout the island in early 1888. Later that year he published the book, Ireland Under Coercion: The Diary of an American. The conservative Hurlbert was pro-landlord and anti-home rule. Read about his work in my 2018 blog series: “Ireland Under Coercion, Revisited.”

I have visited numerous places in Ireland that Hurlbert described in his book. I was pleased to remember his connection to the obelisk as I walked through Central Park on my way to the American Irish Historical Society. Founded in Boston in 1897 (Hurlbert died two years earlier), the Society since 1940 has been located at 991 Fifth Avenue, directly across from the MET, barely a five-minute walk from the granite tower.

American journalist William Henry Hurlbert led an 1880 campaign to bring this Egyptian obelisk to Central Park in New York City. Eight years later he wrote a book about Ireland.

Elegy for an Irish American Catholic Family

I wrote the piece linked below for Pittsburgh Quarterly. It’s personal and poignant.

Elegy for an Irish American Catholic Family.

HIATIUS: I am traveling and working on other projects. New content will be posted infrequently through the spring and summer months. Contact form on the “About Me” page. Thanks, MH

From the archives: ‘Mrs. Brophy’s late husband’

James Brophy. Of Dublin? Or New York?

James Brophy died in Dublin on Feb. 12, 1921, the civilian casualty of a stray bullet in Ireland’s War of Independence. About the same time, an Irish immigrant of the same name disappeared from his family in New York City.

When newspapers America reported the death of Mr. Brophy in Dublin, Mrs. Brophy of New York urged U.S. diplomats and Irish police to investigate the case of her missing husband. The coincidence offers a glimpse of early 20th century Irish lives on both sides of the Atlantic, when handwritten letters crossed each other at sea and personal identification was more vague than today.

I wrote “Mrs. Brophy’s Late Husband” for The Irish Story in December 2016. It offers a unique view of Ireland’s revolutionary period and Irish America from the perspective of people at the edges of history. Such stories “humanize and enrich history by reminding us that the study of the past should include the study of the lives of ordinary people, their attitudes, beliefs, motives, experiences and actions,” Bill McDowell wrote in Historical Research: A Guide for Writers of Dissertations, Theses, Articles and Books.

This story has been a reader favorite in the past. I hope new audiences might enjoy it, too. MH

McEntee comments on House ‘censorship’ allegations

This post has been revised from our live blog of the Feb. 4 “Bridging the Atlantic VII” conference at Georgetown University. MH

***

Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade Helen McEntee, TD, has addressed the House Judiciary Report report allegations of “harassment” and “censorship” by the EU and Coimisiún na Meán against tech groups to undermine conservative and populist parties.

McEntee would not take my question about the matter after her keynote speech at Georgetown’s seventh annual “Bridging the Atlantic” conference. Her press counselor did not return an emailed follow up.

McEntee confirmed to the Irish Times that she discussed the issue with US trade ambassador Jamieson Grier. She stressed Ireland’s position that the regulations are designed to protect young people, according to the Times, which quoted her saying:

“I think there are certain elements of this that we don’t agree on. And for me it’s important that we engage on the areas we disagree on. I think what we all agree on is that, irrespective of whether someone is online or offline, they are protected. It’s about engaging and looking at how we can resolve those differences and I certainly think there is a view from the US that perhaps, you know, we could not deregulate. There is an element of red tape that could be removed and Ireland has been very clear that that’s something we want to see happen.”

During her Georgetown speech, McEntee said US challenges to Greenland’s sovereignty are “unacceptable.” Say said that any framing of Ireland having to decide between the US and EU is “rubbish.”

Ireland will hold the presidency of the Council of the European Union in the second half of this year. McEntee says Ireland has a strong committment to international law and believes in the United Nations.

“There is a risk of looking back with rose-tinted glasses to a past that never reallys existed,” McEntee said, echoing earlier conference panelists.

McEntee is a Fine Gael politician from Meath East. She was first elected in 2013, replacing her father in the constituency. She is also Ireland’s Minister of Defense, the first woman to hold the two ministerial roles.

McEntee said she met earlier today with members of Congress from both US parties on a variety of issues. Despite challenges to the US-Irish relationship, “more unites us than divides us,” she said.

New staff being added to Irish embassies in DC and throughout the US. “The St. Patrick’s Day program this year will be the most ambitious ever,” McEntee said.

“What once felt settled is being fundamentally tested,” she said. “I don’t take lightly the scale of what is going on around us. But our relationship will get us through any challenges.”

(An earlier version of this post incorrectly stated that Ireland would chair the UN Security Council later this year. That has been corrected to presidency of the Council of the European Union.)

Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade Helen McEntee, TD.

***

Here is some of my live coverage from the conference panels.

Carolyn Gallagher and Kimberly Cowell-Meyers, both of American University, discuss Building a Green Wall: Irish America’s Resurgence Post-Brexit. Their 2025 book explores how Irish American interested lobbied to stop a hard border on the island of Ireland resulting from Brexit. Mary Murphy of Boston College says Sinn Fein’s efforts for united Ireland face strong headwinds in the US. Things are much different today compared to the Northern Ireland peace process of the 1990s or the post-Brexit border issue. … Ireland as a small state is also loosing agency on other issues in the disrupted international order, she said.

“The New Worlds of 21st Century Irish-America’ panel, left to right: moderator Liam Kennedy (University College Dublin); Carolyn Gallagher (American University); Kimberly Cowell-Meyers (American University); and Mary Murphy (Boston College).

***

Discussing United Irishmen and Young Ireland impacts in Ireland and the USA. … Many Irish in America was said to be members of radical and revolutionary groups in Ireland … but they really weren’t, Anbinder says.

The 1912 US election resulted in 43 Irish American congressmen, four Irish American US senators, four Irish American governors, and one Irish American president (Woodrow Wilson), according to Meagher. Only two of the congressmen were native born Irishmen, the rest were second generation Irish Americans. All were generally wary of getting involved in Irish politics. “Tammy Hall doesn’t pay a lot of attention to Irish nationalism,” Meagher said. That changed after the 1916 Rising.

Revolutionary Routes Across the Atlantic: 1776 and Beyond panel: left to right: Moderator Tyler Anbinder (George Washington University); Tim Meagher (Catholic University); Hannah Nolan (University of Maryland); and Chris Morash (Embassy of Ireland).

***

Cian T. McMahon, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, historian noted that most scholarship of the Irish in America is focused on the 19th and 20th century, not the 18th century. New York University historian Marion Casey said Ulster Scots were not the only Irish in colonial America, as typically portrayed. Members of British Army in the colonies included Irish from across the island. The US also was a convict dumping ground for the empire. “The 18^th century cannot be pigeon holed as one thing,” Casey said.

McMahon said historians should focus on “stories,” plural, not a single “story” of the Irish in America. “I don’t think that’s what happening on the America 250 website,” he said, which is focused on “our American story,” singular. He said the US commemoration should not be about one national ideal, but a set of debates about multiple ideals.

“America250: American Lives, Irish Legacies” panel, left to right: Cian T. McMahon (University of Nevada, Las Vegas); Marion Casey (New York University); Darragh Gannon (Georgetown University); and moderator Caitríona Perry (BBC News).

***

In opening remarks, Cóilín Parsons, director of Georgetown’s Global Irish Studies program, noted this year’s conference will focus on the past more than contemporary issues. He acknowledged the US-Irish (and EU) relationship is currently “under duress.” That’s all the more reason for an honest exploration of the foundations of the relationship beyond “some gauzy dream of friendship.”

***

I’m at Georgetown University’s “Bridging the Atlantic VII” conference in Washinton, DC. This year’s event will explore 250 years of US-Irish relations. I am live blogging the event throughout the day. Email subscribers should check the website to see the updates. Here’s our coverage of last year’s event.

‘America and Ireland at 250’ focus of Feb. 4 Georgetown conference

Georgetown University’s Global Irish Studies program and other partners will explore 250 years of US-Irish relations during the 7th annual “Bridging the Atlantic” conference. I will live blog the Feb. 4 event from the university’s Capitol Campus in Washington, D.C.

Ireland’s Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade Helen McEntee, TD, is scheduled to deliver the keynote address. Panel discussions include “America 250: American Lives, Irish Legacies”, “Revolutionary Routes Across the Atlantic: 1776 and Beyond”, “The New Worlds of 21st Century Irish-America”, and “Re-imagining the ‘Green Wave’: Cultural Visions of Ireland in America.”

Panel participant rosters and registration found here.

Georgetown’s conference partners include the BMW Center for German and European Studies, in association with the Embassy of Ireland, the Clinton Institute at University College Dublin, Queen’s University Belfast, and the Northern Ireland Bureau.

One of the panels at last year’s Bridging the Atlantic VI conference.

The ‘worst year that was ever remembered’

This post is reprised from January 2021 with minor revisions. The referenced letter is from the Joan Diggin Collection, part of the University of Galway’s ‘Imirce’ project of Irish emigrant letters and life stories from North America. Joan was my aunt. MH

***

On Jan. 24, 1921, widowed farmer John Ware wrote a hand-written letter from Killelton townland, Ballylongford, a rural community in County Kerry where the River Shannon empties into the sea. The letter was addressed to his same-name, bachelor son, a streetcar motorman in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, a noisy, smokey industrial city of more than a half million people; a hub of Irish immigrants, including two of his sisters, with a brother on the way. The sender was the father of my maternal grandmother, the recipient her older brother.

The 87-year-old father began the letter by thanking his 35-year-old son for an earlier postal order for £3, equivalent to about $175 today.^[1]Bank of England Inflation Calculator through November 2025, and XE Corp. GBP to USD conversion on Jan. 20, 2026. Such remittances from immigrants were vital to the Irish economy and perpetuated still more departures.

Your prosperity in America is a great consolation to me. Your generosity and kindness since you left home.

John Ware in US Army uniform, World War 1.

John Ware the younger left home in 1910. Sisters Nora (my grandmother) and Bridget followed him to Pittsburgh in 1912 and 1916, respectively. He was naturalized in 1917, entered the U.S. Army as as private in April 1918, and shipped to France two months later. John survived the Great War and returned to Pittsburgh in February 1919.^[2]See: An Irish-American’s most perilous summer, 1918.

The father reported that another son in Ireland had just welcomed a baby girl to his family three weeks earlier. A third son had sailed from Queenstown four days before he wrote the letter, also destined for Pittsburgh.

We all felt so happy he [was] able to get away giving to the present state of the country. That state of the case in Ireland at present is very bad.

War in Ireland

Ireland was in turmoil in January 1921. Two years had passed since Irish separatists established Dáil Éireann in Dublin. The Irish Republican Army’s guerrilla war against the British adminstration in Ireland had escalated steadily since summer 1920. IRA attacks were typically followed by military and police reprisals.

There was a policeman shot in Listowel a week ago. There is a fear there will be great damage done the town of Listowel through envy.

District Inspector Tobias O’Sullivan

District Inspector Tobias O’Sullivan was shot multiple times at close range mid-afternoon Jan. 20, 1921. He was only a few yards from the Listowel barracks. The victim was accompanied by his 5-year-old son.^[3]”Listowel D.I. Shot Dead In Sight of Barracks”, The Kerryman, Jan. 29, 1921.

In Pittsburgh, John Ware may have read the next-day, front-page newspaper coverage of the O’Sullivan killing,^[4]”Irish Official, 5 Constables Slain in Trap … Second Inspector Slain”, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Jan. 21, 1921. which occurred about eight miles from his father in Killelton, Ballylongford. Pittsburgh papers reported several of the shootings and fires deliberately set to houses, creameries, and other businesses that occurred in North Kerry since fall 1920,^[5]Dwyer, T. Ryle, Tans, Terror and Troubles: Kerry’s Real Fighting Story 1913-23, Mercer Press, Cork, 2001. See Chronology, pps. 21-29. one episode only a few weeks earlier:

At Listowel, in the marshal law area, crown forces were fired on by civilians while arresting men wanted. They returned the fire, killing one and wounding two who were captured and sent to a hospital. Five arrests were made.^[6]”Three Die In Fighting”, Pittsburgh Daily Post, Jan. 3, 1921.

These and other episodes of violence against civilians, but not IRA attacks on military and police, were cataloged by the Dáil in “The Struggle of the Irish People,” presented in May 1921 to the U.S. Senate.^[7]“The Struggle of the Irish People”, Address to Congress of the United States, Adopted January 1921 Session of Dáil Eireann. Attacks on people and property in Listowel and Ballybunion, pps. … Continue reading The burning of Ballylongford “has still not been forgotten locally” a Kerry author wrote nearly a century later.^[8]O’Callaghan, Tony, The Kerry Coast, Tony O’Callaghan, Blennerville, Co. Kerry, 2016, p. 31.

Agricultural distress

War violence was not the only trouble John Ware mentioned in his letter from Kerry:

The past year in the country is the worst that was ever remembered. The most of the year was all raining, the farm produce was never before so bad.

Farming in Kerry in the early 1920s.

His assessment is confirmed in Kerry newspapers of autumn 1920, which reported the impacts of a “late spring” and “continuous wet weather” that created a “black outlook not only for the farmers but for the people in the towns as well.”^[9]”Kerryisms”, The Liberator (Tralee), Oct. 7, 1920. Government reports also recognized the decline in agricultural activity that year, though quantifying it was complicated by the war and relied on estimates and summaries. “In 1920 it was not found practicable to obtain particulars of either crops or livestock on all farms.”^[10]Farming Since the Famine: Irish Farm Statistics 1847-1996, Central Statistics Office, Ireland, 1997, p. 31

John Ware in Kerry did not mention his two daughters in Pittsburgh, who worked as household servants and perhaps also sent remittances. He concluded the letter to his son with wishes for a Happy New Year, a year that would soon bring a truce to the fighting and end with the treaty that created the Irish Free State.

References[+]

References
↑1	Bank of England Inflation Calculator through November 2025, and XE Corp. GBP to USD conversion on Jan. 20, 2026.
↑2	See: An Irish-American’s most perilous summer, 1918.
↑3	”Listowel D.I. Shot Dead In Sight of Barracks”, The Kerryman, Jan. 29, 1921.
↑4	”Irish Official, 5 Constables Slain in Trap … Second Inspector Slain”, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Jan. 21, 1921.
↑5	Dwyer, T. Ryle, Tans, Terror and Troubles: Kerry’s Real Fighting Story 1913-23, Mercer Press, Cork, 2001. See Chronology, pps. 21-29.
↑6	”Three Die In Fighting”, Pittsburgh Daily Post, Jan. 3, 1921.
↑7	“The Struggle of the Irish People”, Address to Congress of the United States, Adopted January 1921 Session of Dáil Eireann. Attacks on people and property in Listowel and Ballybunion, pps. 15-17, 20, and 28-30. Presented in the U.S. Senate on May 2, 1921, and recorded in Senate Documents, Vol. 9, 67th Congress, First Session, April 11-Nov. 23, 1921, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1921.
↑8	O’Callaghan, Tony, The Kerry Coast, Tony O’Callaghan, Blennerville, Co. Kerry, 2016, p. 31.
↑9	”Kerryisms”, The Liberator (Tralee), Oct. 7, 1920.
↑10	Farming Since the Famine: Irish Farm Statistics 1847-1996, Central Statistics Office, Ireland, 1997, p. 31

Mark Holan's Irish American Blog

Exploring news & history since 2012.

Category Archives: Irish America

‘Trinity’ @ 50 article draws letter to editor

Trump “would love to see” Irish reunification

On 9/11’s 25th, other terrorism, and victims’ memorials

On printing, and reproducing, the 1916 Easter Proclamation

An American journalist’s connection to Ireland and Egypt

Elegy for an Irish American Catholic Family

From the archives: ‘Mrs. Brophy’s late husband’

McEntee comments on House ‘censorship’ allegations

‘America and Ireland at 250’ focus of Feb. 4 Georgetown conference

The ‘worst year that was ever remembered’

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